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A system of congruences a_i mod n_i with 1<=i<=k is called a complete residue system (or covering system) if every integer y satisfies y=a_i (mod n) for at least one value of ...

A 1-form w is said to be exact in a region R if there is a function f that is defined and of class C^1 (i.e., is once continuously differentiable in R) and such that df=w.

Given a triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3, the points A_1, I, and J_1 lie on a line, where I is the incenter and J_1 is the excenter corresponding to A_1. Furthermore, the circle with ...

The excentral-hexyl ellipse is the ellipse passing through vertices of the excentral and hexyl triangles (P. Moses, pers. comm., Jan. 29, 2005). It has center at the ...

A binomial coefficient (N; k) is said to be exceptional if lpf(N; k)>N/k. The following table gives the exception binomial coefficients which are also good binomial ...

A Jordan algebra which is not isomorphic to a subalgebra.

The kurtosis excess of a distribution is sometimes called the excess, or excess coefficient. In graph theory, excess refers to the quantity e=n-n_l(v,g) (1) for a v-regular ...

The radical circle of the excircles has center at the Spieker center X_(10) and radius R_E=1/2sqrt((a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+abc+b^2c+ac^2+bc^2)/(a+b+c)). Its circle function is ...

A method which can be used to solve any quadratic congruence equation. This technique relies on the fact that solving x^2=b (mod p) is equivalent to finding a value y such ...

Also known as the difference of squares method. It was first used by Fermat and improved by Gauss. Gauss looked for integers x and y satisfying y^2=x^2-N (mod E) for various ...