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A type of number involving the roots of unity which was developed by Kummer while trying to solve Fermat's last theorem. Although factorization over the integers is unique ...

A partially ordered set P=(X,<=) is an interval order if it is isomorphic to some set of intervals on the real line ordered by left-to-right precedence. Formally, P is an ...

The Lebesgue covering dimension is an important dimension and one of the first dimensions investigated. It is defined in terms of covering sets, and is therefore also called ...

An algorithm for finding roots which retains that prior estimate for which the function value has opposite sign from the function value at the current best estimate of the ...

Draw a circle that cuts three given circles perpendicularly. The solution is known as the radical circle of the given three circles. If it lies outside the three circles, ...

A real quantity having a value less than zero (<0) is said to be negative. Negative numbers are denoted with a minus sign preceding the corresponding positive number, i.e., ...

A set X is said to be nowhere dense if the interior of the set closure of X is the empty set. For example, the Cantor set is nowhere dense. There exist nowhere dense sets of ...

An odd number is an integer of the form n=2k+1, where k is an integer. The odd numbers are therefore ..., -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, ... (OEIS A005408), which are also the gnomonic ...

The pathwidth of a graph G, also called the interval thickness, vertex separation number, and node searching number, is one less than the size of the largest set in a path ...

Relationships between the number of singularities of plane algebraic curves. Given a plane curve, m = n(n-1)-2delta-3kappa (1) n = m(m-1)-2tau-3iota (2) iota = ...