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Searching refers to locating a given element or an element satisfying certain conditions from some (usually ordered or partially ordered) table, list, tree, etc.

A sorting algorithm which makes n passes over a set of n elements, in each pass selecting the smallest element and deleting it from the set. This algorithm has running time ...

Let X be a set and S a collection of subsets of X. A subset A subset X is shattered by S if each subset B subset A of A can be expressed as the intersection of A with a ...

A string of length n on an alphabet l of m characters is an arrangement of n not necessarily distinct symbols from l. There are m^n such distinct strings. For example, the ...

A recursive function devised by I. Takeuchi in 1978 (Knuth 1998). For integers x, y, and z, it is defined by (1) This can be described more simply by t(x,y,z)={y if x<=y; {z ...

Let T(x,y,z) be the number of times "otherwise" is called in the TAK function, then the Takeuchi numbers are defined by T_n(n,0,n+1). A recursive formula for T_n is given by ...

Informally, a function f:{0,1}^(l(n))×{0,1}^n->{0,1}^(m(n)) is a trapdoor one-way function if 1. It is a one-way function, and 2. For fixed public key y in {0,1}^(l(n)), ...

J. Tupper concocted the amazing formula 1/2<|_mod(|_y/(17)_|2^(-17|_x_|-mod(|_y_|,17)),2)_|, where |_x_| is the floor function and mod(b,m) is the mod function, which, when ...

Let h:{0,1}^(l(n))×{0,1}^n->{0,1}^(m(n)) be efficiently computable by an algorithm (solving a P-problem). For fixed y in {0,1}^(l(n)), view h(x,y) as a function h_y(x) of x ...

In machine learning theory, the Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension or VC-dimension of a concept class C is the cardinality of the largest set S which can be shattered by C. If ...