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Two unit-speed plane curves which have the same curvature differ only by a Euclidean motion.

An authalic latitude given by phi_g=tan^(-1)[(1-e^2)tanphi]. (1) The series expansion is phi_g=phi-e_2sin(2phi)+1/2e_2^2sin(4phi)+1/3e_2^3sin(6phi)+..., (2) where ...

int_a^b(del f)·ds=f(b)-f(a), where del is the gradient, and the integral is a line integral. It is this relationship which makes the definition of a scalar potential function ...

The cube of a graph is defined as its third graph power.

The Jacobi symbol (a/y)=chi(y) as a number theoretic character can be extended to the Kronecker symbol (f(a)/y)=chi^*(y) so that chi^*(y)=chi(y) whenever chi(y)!=0. When y is ...

A hosohedron is a regular tiling or map on a sphere composed of p digons or spherical lunes, all with the same two vertices and the same vertex angles, 2pi/p. Its Schläfli ...

An imaginary quadratic field is a quadratic field Q(sqrt(D)) with D<0. Special cases are summarized in the following table. D field members -1 Gaussian integer -3 Eisenstein ...

Two groups are isomorphic if the correspondence between them is one-to-one and the "multiplication" table is preserved. For example, the point groups C_2 and D_1 are ...

An isozonohedron is a zonohedron whose faces consist of n(n-1) congruent rhombi (Fedorov 1953, pp. 256-266; Chilton and Coxeter 1963). The following table summarizes some of ...

A statistic defined to improve the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in the tails.