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Sphere line picking is the selection of pairs of points corresponding to vertices of a line segment with endpoints on the surface of a sphere. n random line segments can be ...

The degree of a graph vertex v of a graph G is the number of graph edges which touch v. The vertex degrees are illustrated above for a random graph. The vertex degree is also ...

A Markov chain is collection of random variables {X_t} (where the index t runs through 0, 1, ...) having the property that, given the present, the future is conditionally ...

The mean triangle area of a triangle picked at random inside a unit cube is A^_=0.15107+/-0.00003, with variance var(A)=0.008426+/-0.000004. The distribution of areas, ...

The Fibonacci numbers are the sequence of numbers {F_n}_(n=1)^infty defined by the linear recurrence equation F_n=F_(n-1)+F_(n-2) (1) with F_1=F_2=1. As a result of the ...

A primality test that provides an efficient probabilistic algorithm for determining if a given number is prime. It is based on the properties of strong pseudoprimes. The ...

Triangle picking is the process of picking triangles at random within a given shape in the plane, in space, or in a higher dimension. The most natural definition of a random ...

The elliptic curve factorization method, abbreviated ECM and sometimes also called the Lenstra elliptic curve method, is a factorization algorithm that computes a large ...

Ball tetrahedron picking is the selection of quadruples of points (corresponding to vertices of a general tetrahedron) randomly placed inside a ball. n random tetrahedra can ...

A variate is a generalization of the concept of a random variable that is defined without reference to a particular type of probabilistic experiment. It is defined as the set ...