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A set A of integers is recursively isomorphic to set B if there is a bijective recursive function f such that f(A)=B.

A spigot algorithm is an algorithm which generates digits of a quantity one at a time without using or requiring previously computed digits. Amazingly, spigot algorithms are ...

2^(40)=1024^4=1099511627776 bytes. Although the term terabyte is sometimes used to refer to 1024^4 bytes, such usage is deprecated in favor of the standard SI naming ...

One trillion (10^(12)) bytes. Unfortunately, the term is sometimes also used to mean 2^(40)=1024^4=1099511627776 bytes. However, this usage is deprecated, and the term ...

Transparallel processing refers to this search for regularities in O(2^N) strings as if only one string of length N were concerned (as is possible if the strings form a ...

A function f:{0,1}^(l(n))×{0,1}^n->{0,1}^(m(n)) is a trapdoor one-way hash function if f is a trapdoor one-way function and is also a one-way hash function, i.e., if, ...

An abstract machine that is implemented in software is termed a virtual machine.

A merge sort (or collation sort) is the combination of two or more ordered lists into a single ordered list (Knuth 1998, p. 158). Merge sorting was one of the first methods ...

A multiway system is a kind of substitution system in which multiple states are permitted at any stage. This accommodates rule systems in which there is more than one ...

As first shown by Meyer and Ritchie (1967), do-loops (which have a fixed iteration limit) are a special case of while-loops. A function that can be implemented using only ...