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Let s(n)=sigma(n)-n, where sigma(n) is the divisor function and s(n) is the restricted divisor function. Then the sequence of numbers s^0(n)=n,s^1(n)=s(n),s^2(n)=s(s(n)),... ...

Let sigma_infty(n) be the sum of the infinitary divisors of a number n. An infinitary perfect number is a number n such that sigma_infty(n)=2n. The first few are 6, 60, 90, ...

If r is an algebraic number of degree n, then the totality of all expressions that can be constructed from r by repeated additions, subtractions, multiplications, and ...

The maximal independence polynomial I_G(x) for the graph G may be defined as the polynomial I_G(x)=sum_(k=i(G))^(alpha(G))s_kx^k, where i(G) is the lower independence number, ...

The digits in the number 2187 form the two vampire numbers: 21×87=1827 and 2187=27×81. 2187 is also given by 3^7.

The term perfect square is used to refer to a square number, a perfect square dissection, or a factorable quadratic polynomial of the form a^2+/-2ab+b^2=(a+/-b)^2.

A Poulet number whose divisors d all satisfy d|2^d-2. The first few are 341, 1387, 2047, 2701, 3277, 4033, 4369, 4681, 5461, 7957, 8321, ... (OEIS A050217).

A nonregular number, also called an infinite decimal (Havil 2003, p. 25), is a positive number that has an infinite decimal expansion. In contrast, a number that has a finite ...

Algebraic number theory is the branch of number theory that deals with algebraic numbers. Historically, algebraic number theory developed as a set of tools for solving ...

A number n for which the product of divisors is equal to n^2. The first few are 1, 6, 8, 10, 14, 15, 21, 22, ... (OEIS A007422).