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Take K a number field and m a divisor of K. A congruence subgroup H is defined as a subgroup of the group of all fractional ideals relative prime to m (I_K^m) that contains ...

The elliptic curve factorization method, abbreviated ECM and sometimes also called the Lenstra elliptic curve method, is a factorization algorithm that computes a large ...

The pure equation x^p=C of prime degree p is irreducible over a field when C is a number of the field but not the pth power of an element of the field. Jeffreys and Jeffreys ...

Let a_n>=0 and suppose sum_(n=1)^inftya_ne^(-an)∼1/a as a->0^+. Then sum_(n<=x)a_n∼x as x->infty. This theorem is a step in the proof of the prime number theorem, but has ...

If the integral coefficients C_0, C_1, ..., C_(N-1) of the polynomial f(x)=C_0+C_1x+C_2x^2+...+C_(N-1)x^(N-1)+x^N are divisible by a prime number p, while the free term C_0 ...

Brocard's conjecture states that pi(p_(n+1)^2)-pi(p_n^2)>=4 for n>=2, where pi(n) is the prime counting function and p_n is the nth prime. For n=1, 2, ..., the first few ...

According to the novel The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (Adams 1997), 42 is the ultimate answer to life, the universe, and everything. Unfortunately, it is left as an ...

For a field K with multiplicative identity 1, consider the numbers 2=1+1, 3=1+1+1, 4=1+1+1+1, etc. Either these numbers are all different, in which case we say that K has ...

The numbers H_n=H_n(0), where H_n(x) is a Hermite polynomial, may be called Hermite numbers. For n=0, 1, ..., the first few are 1, 0, -2, 0, 12, 0, -120, 0, 1680, 0, ... ...

Any nonzero rational number x can be represented by x=(p^ar)/s, (1) where p is a prime number, r and s are integers not divisible by p, and a is a unique integer. The p-adic ...