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A forgetful functor (also called underlying functor) is defined from a category of algebraic gadgets (groups, Abelian groups, modules, rings, vector spaces, etc.) to the ...

A formal power series, sometimes simply called a "formal series" (Wilf 1994), of a field F is an infinite sequence {a_0,a_1,a_2,...} over F. Equivalently, it is a function ...

In mathematics, a formula is a fact, rule, or principle that is expressed in terms of mathematical symbols. Examples of formulas include equations, equalities, identities, ...

The forward difference is a finite difference defined by Deltaa_n=a_(n+1)-a_n. (1) Higher order differences are obtained by repeated operations of the forward difference ...

Consider a string of length 2L plucked at the right end and fixed at the left. The functional form of this configuration is f(x)=x/(2L). (1) The components of the Fourier ...

The fractional derivative of f(t) of order mu>0 (if it exists) can be defined in terms of the fractional integral D^(-nu)f(t) as D^muf(t)=D^m[D^(-(m-mu))f(t)], (1) where m is ...

The Fransén-Robinson constant F is defined by F=int_0^infty(dx)/(Gamma(x))=2.8077702420... (OEIS A058655) where Gamma(x) is the gamma function. No closed-form expression in ...

A Fredholm integral equation of the first kind is an integral equation of the form f(x)=int_a^bK(x,t)phi(t)dt, (1) where K(x,t) is the kernel and phi(t) is an unknown ...

A tree which is not rooted, i.e., a normal tree with no node singled out for special treatment (Skiena 1990, p. 107). Free trees are sometimes known instead as unrooted trees ...

Also known as the Serret-Frenet formulas, these vector differential equations relate inherent properties of a parametrized curve. In matrix form, they can be written [T^.; ...