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Let P(x) be defined as the power series whose nth term has a coefficient equal to the nth prime p_n, P(x) = 1+sum_(k=1)^(infty)p_kx^k (1) = 1+2x+3x^2+5x^3+7x^4+11x^5+.... (2) ...

The backslash symbol \ is used to denote a set difference, quotient group, or integer division.

A method of solving combinatorial problems by means of an algorithm which is allowed to run forward until a dead end is reached, at which point previous steps are retraced ...

A method which can be used to solve some classes of integral equations and is especially useful in implementing certain types of data inversion. It has been applied to invert ...

The backward difference is a finite difference defined by del _p=del f_p=f_p-f_(p-1). (1) Higher order differences are obtained by repeated operations of the backward ...

The property of certain algorithms that accurate answers are returned for well-conditioned problems, and the inaccuracy of the answers returned for ill-conditioned problems ...

A generalization of the Bulirsch-Stoer algorithm for solving ordinary differential equations.

Every irrational number x has an approximation constant c(x) defined by c(x)=lim inf_(q->infty)q|qx-p|, where p=nint(qx) is the nearest integer to qx and lim inf is the ...

A Bäcklund transformation allows additional solutions to a nonlinear partial differential equations to be found if one particular solution is already known.

The Baer differential equation is given by while the Baer "wave equation" is (Moon and Spencer 1961, pp. 156-157; Zwillinger 1997, p. 121).