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The fraction of odd values of the partition function P(n) is roughly 50%, independent of n, whereas odd values of Q(n) occur with ever decreasing frequency as n becomes ...

A spanning tree of a graph on n vertices is a subset of n-1 edges that form a tree (Skiena 1990, p. 227). For example, the spanning trees of the cycle graph C_4, diamond ...

Spherical coordinates, also called spherical polar coordinates (Walton 1967, Arfken 1985), are a system of curvilinear coordinates that are natural for describing positions ...

A problem is an exercise whose solution is desired. Mathematical "problems" may therefore range from simple puzzles to examination and contest problems to propositions whose ...