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In general, an unresolved nth root, commonly involving a radical symbol RadicalBox[x, n], is known as a surd. However, the term surd or "surd expression" (e.g., Hardy 1967, ...

A fundamental structural result in extremal graph theory due to Szemerédi (1978). The regularity lemma essentially says that every graph can be well-approximated by the union ...

A recursive function devised by I. Takeuchi in 1978 (Knuth 1998). For integers x, y, and z, it is defined by (1) This can be described more simply by t(x,y,z)={y if x<=y; {z ...

The tangram is a combination of plane polygonal pieces such that the edges of the polygons are coincident. There are 13 convex tangrams (where a "convex tangram" is a set of ...

A tautology is a logical statement in which the conclusion is equivalent to the premise. More colloquially, it is formula in propositional calculus which is always true ...

The contraction of a tensor is obtained by setting unlike indices equal and summing according to the Einstein summation convention. Contraction reduces the tensor rank by 2. ...

A tesseral harmonic is a spherical harmonic of the form cos; sin(mphi)P_l^m(costheta). These harmonics are so named because the curves on which they vanish are l-m parallels ...

A tetraview is a visualization technique for bivariate complex functions. In the simplest case, the graph of a complex-valued function w=w(z) can be considered as a ...

A geometric implement discovered in a 19th century book, and whose inventor is unknown. It essentially consists of a semicircle, a segment SR which prolongs its diameter and ...

A system of curvilinear coordinates for which several different notations are commonly used. In this work (u,v,phi) is used, whereas Arfken (1970) uses (xi,eta,phi) and Moon ...