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An algorithm for finding the nearest local minimum of a function which presupposes that the gradient of the function can be computed. The method of steepest descent, also ...

Possessing two modes. The term bimodal distribution, which refers to a distribution having two local maxima (as opposed to two equal most common values) is a slight ...

A property that passes from a topological space to all its quotient spaces. This is true for connectedness, local connectedness and separability, but not for any of the ...

The function f(x,y)=(2x^2-y)(y-x^2) which does not have a local maximum at (0, 0), despite criteria commonly touted in the second half of the 1800s which indicated the ...

The strongly embedded theorem identifies all simple groups with a strongly 2-embedded subgroup. In particular, it asserts that no simple group has a strongly 2-embedded ...

Suppose f(x) is a function of x that is twice differentiable at a stationary point x_0. 1. If f^('')(x_0)>0, then f has a local minimum at x_0. 2. If f^('')(x_0)<0, then f ...

A ring of fractions that coincides with the localization with respect to the set of all non-zero divisors.

The extension ring obtained from a commutative unit ring (other than the trivial ring) when allowing division by all non-zero divisors. The ring of fractions of an integral ...

An algebraic ring which appears in treatments of duality in algebraic geometry. Let A be a local Artinian ring with m subset A its maximal ideal. Then A is a Gorenstein ring ...

A G-space provides local notions of harmonic, hyperharmonic, and superharmonic functions. When there exists a nonconstant superharmonic function greater than 0, it is a ...