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Sinai billiards is the reflection of a ray of light by an arrangement of perfectly reflecting circles in the plane (Trott 2004, pp. 28-30). The path is extremely sensitive to ...

The pedal curve of a sinusoidal spiral r=a[cos(nt)]^(1/n) with pedal point at the center is another sinusoidal spiral with polar equation r=a[cos(nt)]^(1+1/n). A few examples ...

A skew coordinate system is a system of curvilinear coordinates in which each family of surfaces intersects the others at angles other than right angles. Skew coordinate ...

A Jordan algebra which is isomorphic to a subalgebra.

If, in a plane or spherical convex polygon ABCDEFG, all of whose sides AB, BC, CD, ..., FG (with the exception of AG) have fixed lengths, one simultaneously increases ...

A straight angle is an angle equal to 180 degrees=pi radians. Two right angles make a straight angle, and two straight angles make a full angle.

If a subset S of the elements of a field F satisfies the field axioms with the same operations of F, then S is called a subfield of F. In a finite field of field order p^n, ...

Two points z and z^S in C^* are symmetric with respect to a circle or straight line L if all circles and straight lines passing through z and z^S are orthogonal to L. Möbius ...

The terminal side of an angle theta drawn in angle standard position is the side which isn't the initial side. When viewing an angle as the amount of rotation about the ...

The term "twisted sphere" is used to mean either a projective plane (Henle 1994, p. 110) or the corkscrew surface obtained by extending a sphere along a diameter and then ...