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A statement which is rigorously not true. Regular two-valued logic allows statements to be only true or false, but fuzzy logic treats "truth" as a continuum which can have a ...

A phrase used by Tukey to describe data points which are outside the outer fences.

Any nondegenerate closed space curve may be nondegenerately deformed into either of the two curves illustrated above. Neither of these can be nondegenerately transformed into ...

Ferrari's identity is the algebraic identity

A balanced incomplete block design (v, k, lambda, r, b) exists only for b>=v (or, equivalently, r>=k).

Let A be a sum of squares of n independent normal standardized variates X_i, and suppose A=B+C where B is a quadratic form in the x_i, distributed as chi-squared with h ...

A fixed point for which the stability matrix has both eigenvalues of the same sign (i.e., both are positive or both are negative). If lambda_1<lambda_2<0, then the node is ...

Let M^n be an n-manifold and let F={F_alpha} denote a partition of M into disjoint pathwise-connected subsets. Then if F is a foliation of M, each F_alpha is called a leaf ...

A distribution of values of a discrete variate represented graphically by plotting points (x_1,f_1), (x_2,f_2), ..., (x_k,f_k), and drawing a set of straight line segments ...

A finite extension K=Q(z)(w) of the field Q(z) of rational functions in the indeterminate z, i.e., w is a root of a polynomial a_0+a_1alpha+a_2alpha^2+...+a_nalpha^n, where ...