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A substitution which can be used to transform integrals involving square roots into a more tractable form. form substitution sqrt(x^2+a^2) x=asinhu sqrt(x^2-a^2) x=acoshu

The finite Fourier cosine transform of an apodization function, also known as an apparatus function. The instrument function I(k) corresponding to a given apodization ...

A polynomial admitting a multiplicative inverse. In the polynomial ring R[x], where R is an integral domain, the invertible polynomials are precisely the constant polynomials ...

The name Lobachevsky's function is sometimes given to the function Lambda(theta)=1/2Cl_2(2theta), also denoted Pi(theta), where Cl_2(x) is Clausen's integral.

For a given function f(x) over a partition of a given interval, the lower sum is the sum of box areas m^*Deltax_k using the infimum m of the function f(x) in each subinterval ...

An asymmetrical apodization function defined by M(x,b,d)={0 for x<-b; (x-b)/(2b) for -b<x<b; 1 for b<x<b+2d; 0 for x<b+2d, (1) where the two-sided portion is 2b long (total) ...

When a closed interval [a,b] is partitioned by points a<x_1<x_2<...<x_(n-1)<b, the lengths of the resulting intervals between the points are denoted Deltax_1, Deltax_2, ..., ...

The method of exhaustion was an integral-like limiting process used by Archimedes to compute the area and volume of two-dimensional lamina and three-dimensional solids.

The important property of Fourier transforms that F_x[cos(2pik_0x)f(x)](k) can be expressed in terms of F[f(x)]=F(k) as follows, ...

Multivariable calculus is the branch of calculus that studies functions of more than one variable. Partial derivatives and multiple integrals are the generalizations of ...