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Reversion to the mean, also called regression to the mean, is the statistical phenomenon stating that the greater the deviation of a random variate from its mean, the greater ...

A single-valued function is function that, for each point in the domain, has a unique value in the range. It is therefore one-to-one or many-to-one. A single-valued complex ...

Let X_1, ..., X_N be a sequence of independent observations of a random variable X, and let the number of observations N itself be chosen at random. Then Wald's equation ...

The Wiener sausage of radius a>0 is the random process defined by W^a(t)= union _(0<=s<=t)B_a(beta(s)) where here, beta(t) is the standard Brownian motion in R^d for t>=0 and ...

In general, "a" calculus is an abstract theory developed in a purely formal way. "The" calculus, more properly called analysis (or real analysis or, in older literature, ...

The standard Lorentzian inner product on R^4 is given by -dx_0^2+dx_1^2+dx_2^2+dx_3^2, (1) i.e., for vectors v=(v_0,v_1,v_2,v_3) and w=(w_0,w_1,w_2,w_3), ...

Stationary iterative methods are methods for solving a linear system of equations Ax=b, where A is a given matrix and b is a given vector. Stationary iterative methods can be ...

A statistical distribution published by William Gosset in 1908. His employer, Guinness Breweries, required him to publish under a pseudonym, so he chose "Student." Given N ...

Probability and Statistics

A differential-algebraic equation (DAE) is a type of differential equation in which the derivatives are not (in general) expressed explicitly, and typically derivatives of ...