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A class of automata similar to cellular automata but which have a single "active" cell instead of updating all cells in parallel. In a mobile automaton, the evolution rules ...

Planck's's radiation function is the function f(x)=(15)/(pi^4)1/(x^5(e^(1/x)-1)), (1) which is normalized so that int_0^inftyf(x)dx=1. (2) However, the function is sometimes ...

A generalized mobile automaton is a generalization of the mobile automaton in which the automaton may have more than one active cell. Generalized mobile automata allow for ...

The Sharpe ratio is a risk-adjusted financial measure developed by Nobel Laureate William Sharpe. It uses a fund's standard deviation and excess return to determine the ...

Actuarial science is the study of risk through the use of mathematics, probability, and statistics. A person who performs risk assessment is known as an actuary. Actuaries ...

A connective in logic which yields true if all conditions are true, and false if any condition is false. A AND B is denoted A ^ B (Mendelson 1997, p. 12), A&B, A intersection ...

Alpha is the name for the first letter in the Greek alphabet: alpha. In finance, alpha is a financial measure giving the difference between a fund's actual return and its ...

The antenna graph is the graph on 6 vertices illustrated above. It is implemented in the Wolfram Language as GraphData["AntennaGraph"].

The objective of global optimization is to find the globally best solution of (possibly nonlinear) models, in the (possible or known) presence of multiple local optima. ...

Operations research is a vast branch of mathematics which encompasses many diverse areas of minimization and optimization. Thousands of books have been written worldwide on ...