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The modulus of a complex number z, also called the complex norm, is denoted |z| and defined by |x+iy|=sqrt(x^2+y^2). (1) If z is expressed as a complex exponential (i.e., a ...

An improper use of the symbol sqrt(-1) for the imaginary unit leads to the apparent proof of a false statement. sqrt(-1) = sqrt(-1) (1) sqrt((-1)/1) = sqrt(1/(-1)) (2) ...

The complex structure of a point x=x_1,x_2 in the plane is defined by the linear map J:R^2->R^2 J(x_1,x_2)=(-x_2,x_1), (1) and corresponds to a counterclockwise rotation by ...

Any computable function can be incorporated into a program using while-loops (i.e., "while something is true, do something else"). For-loops (which have a fixed iteration ...

Two geometric figures are said to be concentric if their centers coincide. The region between two concentric circles is called an annulus. The following table summarizes some ...

A curve whose name means "shell form." Let C be a curve and O a fixed point. Let P and P^' be points on a line from O to C meeting it at Q, where P^'Q=QP=k, with k a given ...

The conchoid of de Sluze is the cubic curve first constructed by René de Sluze in 1662. It is given by the implicit equation (x-1)(x^2+y^2)=ax^2, (1) or the polar equation ...

It is conjectured that any convex body in n-dimensional Euclidean space has an interior point lying on normals through 2n distinct boundary points (Croft et al. 1991). This ...

The ratio C of the largest to smallest singular value in the singular value decomposition of a matrix. The base-b logarithm of C is an estimate of how many base-b digits are ...

The conditional intensity lambda(t) associated to a temporal point process N is defined to be the expected infinitesimal rate at which events are expected to occur around ...