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The two-point form of a line in the Cartesian plane passing through the points (x_1,y_1) and (x_2,y_2) is given by y-y_1=(y_2-y_1)/(x_2-x_1)(x-x_1), or equivalently, ...

An error in a statistical test which occurs when a false hypothesis is accepted (a false positive in terms of the null hypothesis).

An error in a statistical test which occurs when a true hypothesis is rejected (a false negative in terms of the null hypothesis).

f(x)=1-2x^2 for x in [-1,1]. Fixed points occur at x=-1, 1/2, and order 2 fixed points at x=(1+/-sqrt(5))/4. The natural invariant of the map is rho(y)=1/(pisqrt(1-y^2)).

The function defined by U(n)=(n!)^(n!). The values for n=0, 1, ..., are 1, 1, 4, 46656, 1333735776850284124449081472843776, ... (OEIS A046882).

An ultrametric is a metric which satisfies the following strengthened version of the triangle inequality, d(x,z)<=max(d(x,y),d(y,z)) for all x,y,z. At least two of d(x,y), ...

The function defined by U(p)=(p#)^(p#), where p is a prime number and p# is a primorial. The values for p=2, 3, ..., are 4, 46656, ...

The ultraradical symbol is a notation thet can be used to express solutions not obtainable by finite root extraction. The solution to the irreducible quintic equation x^5+x=a ...

An umbilic point, also called simply an umbilic, is a point on a surface at which the curvature is the same in any direction.

The algebra structure of linear functionals on polynomials of a single variable (Roman 1984, pp. 2-3).