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The number 1. There are n nth roots of unity, known as the de Moivre numbers.

A function or transformation f in which f(z) does not overlap z. In modular function theory, a function is called univalent on a subgroup G if it is automorphic under G and ...

A graph in which individual nodes have no distinct identifications except through their interconnectivity. Graphs in which labels (which are most commonly numbers) are ...

A position in a game is unsafe for player A if the person who plays next (player B) can win. Every unsafe position can be made safe by at least one move.

The upper-trimmed subsequence of x={x_n} is the sequence lambda(x) obtained by dropping the first occurrence of n for each n. If x is a fractal sequence, then lambda(x)=x.

A "visual representation" number which is a sum of some simple function of its digits. For example, 1233 = 12^2+33^2 (1) 2661653 = 1653^2-266^2 (2) 221859 = 22^3+18^3+59^3 ...

Let p be an irregular prime, and let P=rp+1 be a prime with P<p^2-p. Also let t be an integer such that t^3≢1 (mod P). For an irregular pair (p,2k), form the product ...

A constant sometimes called Varga's constant is defined by V=1/Lambda=9.2890254919... (OEIS A073007), where Lambda is the one-ninth constant.

In general, there is no unique matrix solution A to the matrix equation y=Ax. Even in the case of y parallel to x, there are still multiple matrices that perform this ...

The vertex count of a graph g, commonly denoted V(g) or |g|, is the number of vertices in g. In other words, it is the cardinality of the vertex set. The vertex count of a ...