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Vizing's theorem states that a graph can be edge-colored in either Delta or Delta+1 colors, where Delta is the maximum vertex degree of the graph. A graph with edge chromatic ...

A problem in game theory first discussed by A. Tucker. Suppose each of two prisoners A and B, who are not allowed to communicate with each other, is offered to be set free if ...

The hypotenuse of a right triangle is the triangle's longest side, i.e., the side opposite the right angle. The word derives from the Greek hypo- ("under") and teinein ("to ...

There are three theorems related to pedal circles that go under the collective title of the Fontené theorems. The first Fontené theorem lets DeltaABC be a triangle and P an ...

Related to or being the mathematically most simple case. More generally, the word "trivial" is used to describe any result which requires little or no effort to derive or ...

A graph is a forbidden (vertex-)induced subgraph if its presence as a vertex-induced subgraph of a given graph means it is not a member of some family of graphs. For example, ...

Maxwell's equations are the system of partial differential equations describing classical electromagnetism and therefore of central importance in physics. In the so-called ...

The number obtained by adding the reciprocals of the odd twin primes, B=(1/3+1/5)+(1/5+1/7)+(1/(11)+1/(13))+(1/(17)+1/(19))+.... (1) By Brun's theorem, the series converges ...

An almost integer is a number that is very close to an integer. Near-solutions to Fermat's last theorem provide a number of high-profile almost integers. In the season 7, ...

Orthogonal circles are orthogonal curves, i.e., they cut one another at right angles. By the Pythagorean theorem, two circles of radii r_1 and r_2 whose centers are a ...