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The Pasch graph is the Levi graph of the Pasch configuration. The Pasch graph is edge-transitive but not vertex-transitive, but fails to be semisymmetric since it is not ...

A perfect matching of a graph is a matching (i.e., an independent edge set) in which every vertex of the graph is incident to exactly one edge of the matching. A perfect ...

A chordless cycle of a graph G is a graph cycle in G that has no cycle chord. Unfortunately, there are conflicting conventions on whether or not 3-cycles should be considered ...

The proof theories of propositional calculus and first-order logic are often referred to as classical logic. Intuitionistic propositional logic can be described as classical ...

A special function which is given by the logarithmic derivative of the gamma function (or, depending on the definition, the logarithmic derivative of the factorial). Because ...

Nonstandard analysis is a branch of mathematical logic which introduces hyperreal numbers to allow for the existence of "genuine infinitesimals," which are numbers that are ...

It is always possible to "fairly" divide a cake among n people using only vertical cuts. Furthermore, it is possible to cut and divide a cake such that each person believes ...

Propositional calculus is the formal basis of logic dealing with the notion and usage of words such as "NOT," "OR," "AND," and "implies." Many systems of propositional ...

Logic is the formal mathematical study of the methods, structure, and validity of mathematical deduction and proof. According to Wolfram (2002, p. 860), logic is the most ...

The area element for a surface with first fundamental form ds^2=Edu^2+2Fdudv+Gdv^2 is dA=sqrt(EG-F^2)du ^ dv, where du ^ dv is the wedge product.