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The connective in logic corresponding to the exclusive nor operation. A XNOR B is equivalent to (A ^ B) v (!A ^ !B), where ^ denotes AND, v denotes OR, and !A denotes NOT. ...

The connective in logic corresponding to the exclusive nor operation. A XNOR B is equivalent to (A ^ B) v (!A ^ !B), where ^ denotes AND, v denotes OR, and !A denotes NOT. ...

Two quantities are said to be equal if they are, in some well-defined sense, equivalent. Equality of quantities a and b is written a=b. Equal is implemented in the Wolfram ...

If and only if (i.e., necessary and sufficient). The terms "just if" or "exactly when" are sometimes used instead. A iff B is written symbolically as A<->B, A<=>B, A<->B, or ...

Percolation, the fundamental notion at the heart of percolation theory, is a difficult idea to define precisely though it is quite easy to describe qualitatively. From the ...

The permutation symbol (Evett 1966; Goldstein 1980, p. 172; Aris 1989, p. 16) is a three-index object sometimes called the Levi-Civita symbol (Weinberg 1972, p. 38; Misner et ...

A vector is formally defined as an element of a vector space. In the commonly encountered vector space R^n (i.e., Euclidean n-space), a vector is given by n coordinates and ...

A generalization of the p-adic norm first proposed by Kürschák in 1913. A valuation |·| on a field K is a function from K to the real numbers R such that the following ...

A disjunction that is true if only one, but not both, of its arguments are true, and is false if neither or both are true, which is equivalent to the XOR connective. By ...

A disjunction that remains true if either or both of its arguments are true. This is equivalent to the OR connective. By contrast, the exclusive disjunction is true if only ...