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The total number of contravariant and covariant indices of a tensor. The rank R of a tensor is independent of the number of dimensions N of the underlying space. An intuitive ...

A triangle center (sometimes simply called a center) is a point whose trilinear coordinates are defined in terms of the side lengths and angles of a triangle and for which a ...

Triangulation is the division of a surface or plane polygon into a set of triangles, usually with the restriction that each triangle side is entirely shared by two adjacent ...

Turmites, also called turning machines, are 2-dimensional Turing machines in which the "tape" consists of a grid of spaces that can be written and erased by an active ...

For a single variate X having a distribution P(x) with known population mean mu, the population variance var(X), commonly also written sigma^2, is defined as ...

Let c_k be the number of vertex covers of a graph G of size k. Then the vertex cover polynomial Psi_G(x) is defined by Psi_G(x)=sum_(k=0)^(|G|)c_kx^k, (1) where |G| is the ...

Iff p is a prime, then (p-1)!+1 is a multiple of p, that is (p-1)!=-1 (mod p). (1) This theorem was proposed by John Wilson and published by Waring (1770), although it was ...

Let Xi be the xi-function defined by Xi(iz)=1/2(z^2-1/4)pi^(-z/2-1/4)Gamma(1/2z+1/4)zeta(z+1/2). (1) Xi(z/2)/8 can be viewed as the Fourier transform of the signal ...

The Klein bottle is a closed nonorientable surface of Euler characteristic 0 (Dodson and Parker 1997, p. 125) that has no inside or outside, originally described by Felix ...

Machin-like formulas have the form mcot^(-1)u+ncot^(-1)v=1/4kpi, (1) where u, v, and k are positive integers and m and n are nonnegative integers. Some such formulas can be ...