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The Reynolds transport theorem, also called simply the Reynolds theorem, is an important result in fluid mechanics that's often considered a three-dimensional analog of the ...

Robertson's apex graph is the 15-vertex graph illustrated above constructed by Neil Robertson as an example of an apex graph that is not YDeltaY-reducible. The graph may be ...

A scale-free network is a connected graph or network with the property that the number of links k originating from a given node exhibits a power law distribution ...

The score function u(theta) is the partial derivativeof the log-likelihood function F(theta)=lnL(theta), where L(theta) is the standard likelihood function. Defining the ...

Let X be a set and S a collection of subsets of X. A subset A subset X is shattered by S if each subset B subset A of A can be expressed as the intersection of A with a ...

A sheaf is a presheaf with "something" added allowing us to define things locally. This task is forbidden for presheaves in general. Specifically, a presheaf F on a ...

A two-component complex column vector. Spinors can describe both bosons and fermions, while tensors can describe only bosons.

Squarefree factorization is a first step in many factoring algorithms. It factors nonsquarefree polynomials in terms of squarefree factors that are relatively prime. It can ...

The ith Stiefel-Whitney class of a real vector bundle (or tangent bundle or a real manifold) is in the ith cohomology group of the base space involved. It is an obstruction ...

Let V be a real vector space (e.g., the real continuous functions C(I) on a closed interval I, two-dimensional Euclidean space R^2, the twice differentiable real functions ...