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A polynomial is called logarithmically concave (or log-concave) if the sequence of its coefficients is logarithmically concave. If P(x) is log-convex and Q(x) is unimodal, ...

The symbol separating the dividend from the divisor in a long division that is drawn as a right parenthesis (or sometimes a straight vertical bar) with an attached vinculum ...

One of the Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms. It states that, for every pair (X,A), there is a natural long exact sequence ...->H_n(A)->H_n(X)->H_n(X,A)->H_(n-1)(A)->..., where the ...

The azimuthal coordinate on the surface of a sphere (theta in spherical coordinates) or on a spheroid (in prolate or oblate spheroidal coordinates). Longitude is defined such ...

The lower-trimmed subsequence of x={x_n} is the sequence V(x) obtained by subtracting 1 from each x_n and then removing all 0s. If x is a fractal sequence, then V(x) is a ...

The lower clique number omega_L(G) of a graph G may be defined as the size of a smallest maximal clique in a graph G. It therefore corresponds to the coefficient of the ...

The lower matching number of a graph is the minimum size of a maximal independent edge set. The (upper) matching number may be similarly defined as the largest size of an ...

For a given function f(x) over a partition of a given interval, the lower sum is the sum of box areas m^*Deltax_k using the infimum m of the function f(x) in each subinterval ...

A triangular matrix L of the form L_(ij)={a_(ij) for i>=j; 0 for i<j. (1) Written explicitly, L=[a_(11) 0 ... 0; a_(21) a_(22) ... 0; | | ... 0; a_(n1) a_(n2) ... a_(nn)]. ...

An equilateral parallelogram whose acute angles are 45 degrees. Sometimes, the restriction to 45 degrees is dropped, and it is required only that two opposite angles are ...