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A function H that maps an arbitrary length message M to a fixed length message digest MD is a collision-free hash function if 1. It is a one-way hash function. 2. It is hard ...

A semigroup with a noncommutative product in which no product can ever be expressed more simply in terms of other elements.

An occurrence of a variable in a logic formula which is not inside the scope of a quantifier.

A set having the largest number k of distinct residue classes modulo m so that no subset has zero sum.

A fiber space, depending on context, means either a fiber bundle or a fibration.

A set which transforms via converse functions. Antisets usually arise in the context of Chu spaces.

A braid in which strands are intertwined in the center and are free in "handles" on either side of the diagram.

An occurrence of a variable in a logic which is not free. Bound variables are also called dummy variables.

A smooth curve is a curve which is a smooth function, where the word "curve" is interpreted in the analytic geometry context. In particular, a smooth curve is a continuous ...

A graph in which individual nodes have no distinct identifications except through their interconnectivity. Graphs in which labels (which are most commonly numbers) are ...