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Let [a_0;a_1,a_2,...] be the simple continued fraction of a "generic" real number, where the numbers a_i are the partial quotients. Then the Khinchin (or Khintchine) harmonic ...

Let phi_x^((k)) denote the recursive function of k variables with Gödel number x, where (1) is normally omitted. Then if g is a partial recursive function, there exists an ...

A theorem, also called the iteration theorem, that makes use of the lambda notation introduced by Church. Let phi_x^((k)) denote the recursive function of k variables with ...

For every k>=1, let C_k be the set of composite numbers n>k such that if 1<a<n, GCD(a,n)=1 (where GCD is the greatest common divisor), then a^(n-k)=1 (mod n). Special cases ...

A knot invariant is a function from the set of all knots to any other set such that the function does not change as the knot is changed (up to isotopy). In other words, a ...

An operation on a knot or link diagram which preserves its crossing number. Thistlethwaite used 13 different moves in generating a list of 16-crossing alternating knots ...

The numbers defined by the recurrence relation K_(n+1)=1+min(2K_(|_n/2_|),3K_(|_n/3_|)), with K_0=1. The first few values for n=0, 1, 2, ... are 1, 3, 3, 4, 7, 7, 7, 9, 9, ...

The approximation for pi given by pi approx sqrt((40)/3-2sqrt(3)) (1) = 1/3sqrt(120-18sqrt(3)) (2) = 3.141533.... (3) In the above figure, let OA=OF=1, and construct the ...

The König-Egeváry theorem, sometimes simply called König's theorem, asserts that the matching number (i.e., size of a maximum independent edge set) is equal to the vertex ...

Also known as metric entropy. Divide phase space into D-dimensional hypercubes of content epsilon^D. Let P_(i_0,...,i_n) be the probability that a trajectory is in hypercube ...