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The Plateau curves were studied by the Belgian physicist and mathematician Joseph Plateau. They have Cartesian equation x = (asin[(m+n)t])/(sin[(m-n)t]) (1) y = ...

Through any point in the plane, there is at most one straight line parallel to a given straight line. This axiom is equivalent to the parallel postulate.

A pointed space is a topological space X together with a choice of a basepoint x in X. The notation for a pointed space is (X,x). Maps between two pointed spaces must take ...

There are two different definitions of the polar angle. In the plane, the polar angle theta is the counterclockwise angle from the x-axis at which a point in the xy-plane ...

A knot equivalent to a polygon in R^3, also called a tame knot. For a polygonal knot K, there exists a plane such that the orthogonal projection pi on it satisfies the ...

The contravariant four-vector arising in special and general relativity, x^mu=[x^0; x^1; x^2; x^3]=[ct; x; y; z], (1) where c is the speed of light and t is time. ...

The system of partial differential equations u_t+uu_x+vu_y=U_t+UU_x+mu/rhou_(yy) u_x+v_y=0.

A primary ideal is an ideal I such that if ab in I, then either a in I or b^m in I for some m>0. Prime ideals are always primary. A primary decomposition expresses any ideal ...

A data structure designed to allow repeated extraction of the smallest remaining key (Skiena 1990, p. 38).

A slightly archaic term for a computer-generated random number. The prefix pseudo- is used to distinguish this type of number from a "truly" random number generated by a ...