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Computation time (also called "running time") is the length of time required to perform a computational process. Representation a computation as a sequence of rule ...

In voting theory, a Condorcet candidate is a candidate who always wins in a 2-person election but loses in larger election. For example, consider the 6-tuples of 6-sided die ...

A map projection which is a conformal mapping, i.e., one for which local (infinitesimal) angles on a sphere are mapped to the same angles in the projection. On maps of an ...

There are at least two meanings on the word congruent in mathematics. Two geometric figures are said to be congruent if one can be transformed into the other by an isometry ...

A space D is connected if any two points in D can be connected by a curve lying wholly within D. A space is 0-connected (a.k.a. pathwise-connected) if every map from a ...

The following conditions are equivalent for a conservative vector field on a particular domain D: 1. For any oriented simple closed curve C, the line integral ∮_CF·ds=0. 2. ...

A general mathematical property obeyed by mathematical objects in which all elements are within a neighborhood of nearby points. The continuous maps between topological ...

A path in the complex plane over which contour integration is performed to compute a contour integral. When choosing a contour to evaluate an integral on the real line, a ...

A set in Euclidean space R^d is convex set if it contains all the line segments connecting any pair of its points. If the set does not contain all the line segments, it is ...

The cototient of a positive number n is defined as n-phi(n), where n is the totient function. It is therefore the number of positive integers <=n that have at least one prime ...