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The geometry of the Lie group R semidirect product with R^2, where R acts on R^2 by (t,(x,y))->(e^tx,e^(-t)y).

The group of all nonsingular n×n stochastic matrices over a field F. It is denoted S(n,F). If p is prime and F is the finite field of order q=p^m, S(n,q) is written instead ...

The number 163 is very important in number theory, since d=163 is the largest number such that the imaginary quadratic field Q(sqrt(-d)) has class number h(-d)=1. It also ...

The term annihilator is used in several different ways in various aspects of mathematics. It is most commonly used to mean the set of all functions satisfying a given set of ...

A knot used to join the ends of two ropes together to form a longer length.

The centralizer of an element z of a group G is the set of elements of G which commute with z, C_G(z)={x in G,xz=zx}. Likewise, the centralizer of a subgroup H of a group G ...

A particular type of automorphism group which exists only for groups. For a group G, the inner automorphism group is defined by Inn(G)={sigma_a:a in G} subset Aut(G) where ...

Given a commutative unit ring R and an extension ring S, an element s of S is called integral over R if it is one of the roots of a monic polynomial with coefficients in R.

The m×n rook complement graph K_m square K_n^_ is the graph complement of the m×n rook graph. It has vertex count mn and edge count 2(m; 2)(n; 2), where (n; k) is a binomial ...

Let R+B be the number of monochromatic forced triangles (where R and B are the number of red and blue triangles) in an extremal graph. Then R+B=(n; 3)-|_1/2n|_1/4(n-1)^2_|_|, ...