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An extension field of a field F that is not algebraic over F, i.e., an extension field that has at least one element that is transcendental over F. For example, the field of ...

The trimean is defined to be TM=1/4(H_1+2M+H_2), where H_i are the hinges and M is the statistical median. Press et al. (1992) call this Tukey's trimean. It is an L-estimate.

A witness is a number which, as a result of its number theoretic properties, guarantees either the compositeness or primality of a number n. Witnesses are most commonly used ...

On an algebraic curve, the sum of the number of coincidences at a noncuspidal point C is the sum of the orders of the infinitesimal distances from a nearby point P to the ...

A solution zeta_k=e^(2piik/d) to the cyclotomic equation x^d=1. The de Moivre numbers give the coordinates in the complex plane of the polygon vertices of a regular polygon ...

(1) for p in [-1/2,1/2], where delta is the central difference and S_(2n+1) = 1/2(p+n; 2n+1) (2) S_(2n+2) = p/(2n+2)(p+n; 2n+1), (3) with (n; k) a binomial coefficient.

The asymptotic form of the n-step Bernoulli distribution with parameters p and q=1-p is given by P_n(k) = (n; k)p^kq^(n-k) (1) ∼ 1/(sqrt(2pinpq))e^(-(k-np)^2/(2npq)) (2) ...

A^n+B^n=sum_(j=0)^(|_n/2_|)(-1)^jn/(n-j)(n-j; j)(AB)^j(A+B)^(n-2j), where |_x_| is the floor function and (n; k) is a binomial coefficient.

Let N steps of equal length be taken along a line. Let p be the probability of taking a step to the right, q the probability of taking a step to the left, n_1 the number of ...

The arithmetic-geometric energy of a graph is defined as the graph energy of its arithmetic-geometric matrix, i.e., the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of its ...