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If a and n are relatively prime so that the greatest common divisor GCD(a,n)=1, then a^(lambda(n))=1 (mod n), where lambda is the Carmichael function.

The operating of shifting the leading digits of an addition into the next column to the left when the sum of that column exceeds a single digit (i.e., 9 in base 10).

A Cartesian curve is a curve specified in Cartesian coordinates. The term "Cartesian curve" is sometimes also used to refer to the Cartesian ovals.

The Cauchy product of two sequences f(n) and g(n) defined for nonnegative integers n is defined by (f degreesg)(n)=sum_(k=0)^nf(k)g(n-k).

Let a graph G have graph vertices with vertex degrees d_1<=...<=d_m. If for every i<n/2 we have either d_i>=i+1 or d_(n-i)>=n-i, then the graph is Hamiltonian.

Given two closed curves, the circuminscribed curve is simultaneously inscribed in the outer one and circumscribed on the inner one.

A class number formula is a finite series giving exactly the class number of a ring. For a ring of quadratic integers, the class number is denoted h(d), where d is the ...

Classical algebraic geometry is the study of algebraic varieties, both affine varieties in C^n and projective algebraic varieties in CP^n. The original motivation was to ...

A clause is a disjunction of literals.

In the plane, a closed curve is a curve with no endpoints and which completely encloses an area.