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The envelope of refracted rays for a given curve.

Delta_hf(x)=(f(x+h)-f(x))/h=(Deltaf)/h. It gives the slope of the secant line passing through f(x) and f(x+h). In the limit h->0, the difference quotient becomes the partial ...

The order-n dipole graph D_n is a multigraph consisting of two vertices and n multiple edges joining them. The dipole graph D_2 is a multigraph that can be considered to ...

A puzzle in which one object is to be converted to another by making a finite number of cuts and reassembling it. The cuts are often, but not always, restricted to straight ...

A multiplication * is said to be right distributive if (x+y)z=xz+yz for every x, y, and z. Similarly, it is said to be left distributive if z(x+y)=zx+zy for every x, y, and ...

A lattice which satisfies the identities (x ^ y) v (x ^ z)=x ^ (y v z) (x v y) ^ (x v z)=x v (y ^ z) is said to be distributive.

A generalization by Kronecker of Kummer's theory of prime ideal factors. A divisor on a full subcategory C of mod(A) is an additive mapping chi on C with values in a ...

The Droussent cubic is the triangle cubic with trilinear equation sum_(cyclic)(b^4+c^4-a^4-b^2c^2)aalpha(b^2beta^2-c^2gamma^2)=0. It passes through Kimberling centers X_n for ...

The Dutch windmill graph D_3^((m)), also called a friendship graph, is the graph obtained by taking m copies of the cycle graph C_3 with a vertex in common (Gallian 2007), ...

For any two ergodic measure-preserving transformations on nonatomic probability spaces, there is an isomorphism between the two probability spaces carrying orbits onto orbits.