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If P(n) is a sentential formula depending on a variable n ranging in a set of real numbers, the sentence P(n) for every sufficiently large n (1) means exists N such that P(n) ...

Legendre-Gauss quadrature is a numerical integration method also called "the" Gaussian quadrature or Legendre quadrature. A Gaussian quadrature over the interval [-1,1] with ...

Infinite series of various simple functions of the logarithm include sum_(k=1)^^^inftylnk = 1/2ln(2pi) (1) sum_(k=1)^^^infty(-1)^klnk = 1/2ln(1/2pi) (2) ...

A test for the primality of Fermat numbers F_n=2^(2^n)+1, with n>=2 and k>=2. Then the two following conditions are equivalent: 1. F_n is prime and (k/F_n)=-1, where (n/k) is ...

Closed forms are known for the sums of reciprocals of even-indexed Lucas numbers P_L^((e)) = sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/(L_(2n)) (1) = sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/(phi^(2n)+phi^(-2n)) (2) = ...

For any M, there exists a t^' such that the sequence n^2+t^', where n=1, 2, ... contains at least M primes.

The important binomial theorem states that sum_(k=0)^n(n; k)r^k=(1+r)^n. (1) Consider sums of powers of binomial coefficients a_n^((r)) = sum_(k=0)^(n)(n; k)^r (2) = ...

A number which is simultaneously octagonal and triangular. Let O_n denote the nth octagonal number and T_m the mth triangular number, then a number which is both octagonal ...

A complex magnification is a map of the form z|->az, where a is a positive real number, which corresponds to magnification about the origin of points in the complex plane by ...

The hacovercosine, also known as the hacoversed cosine and cohavercosine, is a little-used trigonometric function defined by hacovercos(z) = covercosz (1) = 1/2(1+sinz), (2) ...