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A connected graph G is distance-regular if for any vertices x and y of G and any integers i,j=0, 1, ...d (where d is the graph diameter), the number of vertices at distance i ...

The ABC (atom-bond connectivity) matrix A_(ABC) of a simple graph is a weighted adjacency matrix with weight f(d_i,d_j)=sqrt((d_i+d_j-2)/(d_id_j)), (1) where d_i are the ...

The Abel-Plana formula gives an expression for the difference between a discrete sum and the corresponding integral. The formula can be derived from the argument principle ...

Given a homogeneous linear second-order ordinary differential equation, y^('')+P(x)y^'+Q(x)y=0, (1) call the two linearly independent solutions y_1(x) and y_2(x). Then ...

Actuarial science is the study of risk through the use of mathematics, probability, and statistics. A person who performs risk assessment is known as an actuary. Actuaries ...

Given a triangle DeltaABC, construct the contact triangle DeltaT_AT_BT_C. Now extend lines parallel to the sides of the contact triangle from the Gergonne point. These ...

A two-dimensional affine geometry constructed over a finite field. For a field F of size n, the affine plane consists of the set of points which are ordered pairs of elements ...

Let phi_0 be the latitude for the origin of the Cartesian coordinates and lambda_0 its longitude, and let phi_1 and phi_2 be the standard parallels. Then for a unit sphere, ...

R. C. Read defined the anarboricity of a graph G as the maximum number of edge-disjoint nonacyclic (i.e., cyclic) subgraphs of G whose union is G (Harary and Palmer 1973, p. ...

The anticomplement of a point P in a reference triangle DeltaABC is a point P^' satisfying the vector equation P^'G^->=2GP^->, (1) where G is the triangle centroid of ...