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The representation, beloved of engineers and physicists, of a complex number in terms of a complex exponential x+iy=|z|e^(iphi), (1) where i (called j by engineers) is the ...

Plancherel's theorem states that the integral of the squared modulus of a function is equal to the integral of the squared modulus of its spectrum. It corresponds to ...

The highest order power in a univariate polynomial is known as its order (or, more properly, its polynomial degree). For example, the polynomial ...

The sign of a real number, also called sgn or signum, is -1 for a negative number (i.e., one with a minus sign "-"), 0 for the number zero, or +1 for a positive number (i.e., ...

If two numbers b and c have the property that their difference b-c is integrally divisible by a number m (i.e., (b-c)/m is an integer), then b and c are said to be "congruent ...

The boustrophedon ("ox-plowing") transform b of a sequence a is given by b_n = sum_(k=0)^(n)(n; k)a_kE_(n-k) (1) a_n = sum_(k=0)^(n)(-1)^(n-k)(n; k)b_kE_(n-k) (2) for n>=0, ...

A recurrence relation between the function Q arising in quota systems, Q(n,r)=Q(n-1,r-1)+Q(n-1,r).

Let the residue from Pépin's theorem be R_n=3^((F_n-1)/2) (mod F_n), where F_n is a Fermat number. Selfridge and Hurwitz use R_n (mod 2^(35)-1,2^(36),2^(36)-1). A ...

Let f be a real-valued function defined on an interval [a,b] and let x_0 in (a,b). The four one-sided limits D^+f(x_0)=lim sup_(x->x_0+)(f(x)-f(x_0))/(x-x_0), (1) ...

There are several versions of the Kaplan-Yorke conjecture, with many of the higher dimensional ones remaining unsettled. The original Kaplan-Yorke conjecture (Kaplan and ...