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Consider expressions built up from variables and constants using function symbols. If v_1, ..., v_n are variables and t_1, ..., t_n are expressions, then a set of mappings ...

The distribution of the product X_1X_2...X_n of n uniform variates on the interval [0,1] can be found directly as P_(X_1...X_n)(u) = ...

Universal algebra studies common properties of all algebraic structures, including groups, rings, fields, lattices, etc. A universal algebra is a pair A=(A,(f_i^A)_(i in I)), ...

A generalization of the p-adic norm first proposed by Kürschák in 1913. A valuation |·| on a field K is a function from K to the real numbers R such that the following ...

A quantity which takes on the value zero is said to vanish. For example, the function f(z)=z^2 vanishes at the point z=0. For emphasis, the term "vanish identically" is ...

The versine, also known as the "versed sine," is a little-used trigonometric function defined by versin(z) = 2sin^2(1/2z) (1) = 1-cosz, (2) where sinz is the sine and cosz is ...

The vertex height of a vertex v in a rooted tree is the number of edges on the longest downward path between v and a tree leaf. The height of the root vertex of a rooted tree ...

int_0^(pi/2)cos^nxdx = int_0^(pi/2)sin^nxdx (1) = (sqrt(pi)Gamma(1/2(n+1)))/(nGamma(1/2n)) (2) = ((n-1)!!)/(n!!){1/2pi for n=2, 4, ...; 1 for n=3, 5, ..., (3) where Gamma(n) ...

Let H_nu^((iota))(x) be a Hankel function of the first or second kind, let x,nu>0, and define w=sqrt((x/nu)^2-1). Then ...

Let alpha, -beta, and -gamma^(-1) be the roots of the cubic equation t^3+2t^2-t-1=0, (1) then the Rogers L-function satisfies L(alpha)-L(alpha^2) = 1/7 (2) ...