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A strongly connected digraph is a directed graph in which it is possible to reach any node starting from any other node by traversing edges in the direction(s) in which they ...

In the tabu search category of meta-heuristics, the essential idea is to 'forbid' search moves to points already visited in the (usually discrete) search space, at least for ...

Taniguchi's constant is defined as C_(Taniguchi) = product_(p)[1-3/(p^3)+2/(p^4)+1/(p^5)-1/(p^6)] (1) = 0.6782344... (2) (OEIS A175639), where the product is over the primes ...

Let (L,<=) be any complete lattice. Suppose f:L->L is monotone increasing (or isotone), i.e., for all x,y in L, x<=y implies f(x)<=f(y). Then the set of all fixed points of f ...

A tetramagic cube is a magic cube that remains magic when all its numbers are squared, cubed, and taken to the fourth power. Only two tetramagic cubes are known, and both ...

Given 2n-1 numbers a_k, where k=-n+1, ..., -1, 0, 1, ..., n-1, a Toeplitz matrix is a matrix which has constant values along negative-sloping diagonals, i.e., a matrix of the ...

A continuous group G which has the topology of a T2-space is a topological group. The simplest example is the group of real numbers under addition. The homeomorphism group of ...

Let x and y be vectors. Then the triangle inequality is given by |x|-|y|<=|x+y|<=|x|+|y|. (1) Equivalently, for complex numbers z_1 and z_2, ...

A trimagic cube is a magic cube that remains magic when all its numbers are both squared and cubed. Only two trimagic cubes are known. The first trimagic cube was found by C. ...

A triomino, also known as a tromino, is a 3-polyomino. There are two free polyominoes, (the same) two one-sided polyominoes, and 6 fixed polyominoes. The free polyominoes are ...