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Doob (1996) defines a stochastic process as a family of random variables {x(t,-),t in J} from some probability space (S,S,P) into a state space (S^',S^'). Here, J is the ...

An equivalence class is defined as a subset of the form {x in X:xRa}, where a is an element of X and the notation "xRy" is used to mean that there is an equivalence relation ...

A minimal vertex cover is an vertex cover of a graph that is not a proper subset of any other vertex cover. A minimal vertex cover corresponds to the complement of maximal ...

The blow-up lemma essentially says that regular pairs in Szemerédi's regularity lemma behave like complete bipartite graphs from the point of view of embedding bounded degree ...

Given a pick-7 lottery with 23 numbers that pays a prize to anyone matching at least 4 of the 7 numbers, there is a set of 253 tickets that guarantees a win. This set ...

An algorithm used to recursively construct a set of objects from the smallest possible constituent parts. Given a set of k integers (a_1, a_2, ..., a_k) with a_1<a_2<...<a_k, ...

Let R be the set of all sets which are not members of themselves. Then R is neither a member of itself nor not a member of itself. Symbolically, let R={x:x not in x}. Then R ...

The Grassmannian Gr(n,k) is the set of k-dimensional subspaces in an n-dimensional vector space. For example, the set of lines Gr(n+1,1) is projective space. The real ...

Three elements x, y and z of a set S are said to be associative under a binary operation * if they satisfy x*(y*z)=(x*y)*z. (1) Real numbers are associative under addition ...

Integers (lambda,mu) for a and b that satisfy Bézout's identity lambdaa+mub=GCD(a,b) are called Bézout numbers. For integers a_1, ..., a_n, the Bézout numbers are a set of ...