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A topology that is "potentially" a metric topology, in the sense that one can define a suitable metric that induces it. The word "potentially" here means that although the ...

There are two different definitions of the mid-arc points. The mid-arc points M_(AB), M_(AC), and M_(BC) of a triangle DeltaABC as defined by Johnson (1929) are the points on ...

A function I_n(x) which is one of the solutions to the modified Bessel differential equation and is closely related to the Bessel function of the first kind J_n(x). The above ...

Modular arithmetic is the arithmetic of congruences, sometimes known informally as "clock arithmetic." In modular arithmetic, numbers "wrap around" upon reaching a given ...

The modular equation of degree n gives an algebraic connection of the form (K^'(l))/(K(l))=n(K^'(k))/(K(k)) (1) between the transcendental complete elliptic integrals of the ...

Draw three circles in the plane, none of which lies completely inside another, and the common external tangent lines for each pair. Then points of intersection of the three ...

A monomial is a product of positive integer powers of a fixed set of variables (possibly) together with a coefficient, e.g., x, 3xy^2, or -2x^2y^3z. A monomial can also be ...

A set n distinct numbers taken from the interval [1,n^2] form a magic series if their sum is the nth magic constant M_n=1/2n(n^2+1) (Kraitchik 1942, p. 143). If the sum of ...

The first definition of the logarithm was constructed by Napier and popularized through his posthumous pamphlet (Napier 1619). It this pamphlet, Napier sought to reduce the ...

Newton's method for finding roots of a complex polynomial f entails iterating the function z-[f(z)/f^'(z)], which can be viewed as applying the Euler backward method with ...