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An operator A^~ such that A^~^2=A^~ or an element of an algebra x such that x^2=x.

A square matrix which is not reducible is said to be irreducible.

Given a point set P={x_n}_(n=0)^(N-1) in the s-dimensional unit cube [0,1)^s, the local discrepancy is defined as D(J,P)=|(number of x_n in J)/N-Vol(J)|, Vol(J) is the ...

Topological lower bounds in terms of Betti numbers for the number of critical points form a smooth function on a smooth manifold.

A quantity which is either 0 (zero) or positive, i.e., >=0.

A vector space possessing a norm.

A cupolarotunda in which the bases are in the same orientation.

The symbol p^e∥n means, for p a prime, that p^e|n, but p^(e+1)n.

A measure that takes on real values.

A reflexive relation.