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A principal ideal domain is an integral domain in which every proper ideal can be generated by a single element. The term "principal ideal domain" is often abbreviated P.I.D. ...

Typesetting "errors" in which exponents or multiplication signs are omitted but the resulting expression is equivalent to the original one. Examples include 2^59^2=2592 (1) ...

A projective space is a space that is invariant under the group G of all general linear homogeneous transformation in the space concerned, but not under all the ...

A pseudoforest is an undirected graph in which every connected component contains at most one graph cycle. A pseudotree is therefore a connected pseudoforest and a forest ...

The Randić matrix A_(Randic) of a simple graph is a weighted adjacency matrix with weight f(d_i,d_j)=1/(sqrt(d_id_j)), (1) where d_i are the vertex degrees of the graph. In ...

A square n×n matrix A=a_(ij) is called reducible if the indices 1, 2, ..., n can be divided into two disjoint nonempty sets i_1, i_2, ..., i_mu and j_1, j_2, ..., j_nu (with ...

The reflection circle, a term coined here for the first time, is the circumcircle of the reflection triangle. It has center at Kimberling center X_(195), which is the ...

A regular pyramid is a right pyramid whose base is a regular polygon. For a right pyramid of height h with a regular n-gonal base of side length a and circumradius R, the ...

Let R be the class of expressions generated by 1. The rational numbers and the two real numbers pi and ln2, 2. The variable x, 3. The operations of addition, multiplication, ...

Sprague (1963) considered the problem of "rolling" five cubes, each which an upright letter "A" on its top, on a chessboard. Here "rolling" means the cubes are moved from ...