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The cycloid is the locus of a point on the rim of a circle of radius a rolling along a straight line. It was studied and named by Galileo in 1599. Galileo attempted to find ...

The digraph intersection of two digraphs is the digraph whose vertex set (respectively, edge set) is the intersection of their vertex sets (respectively, edge sets). If n is ...

Informally, a situation in which a decision must be made from several alternatives, none of which is obviously the optimal one. In formal logic, a dilemma is a specific type ...

Let Jones and Smith be the only two contestants in an election that will end in a deadlock when all votes for Jones (J) and Smith (S) are counted. What is the expectation ...

An edge automorphism of a graph G is a permutation of the edges of G that sends edges with common endpoint into edges with a common endpoint. The set of all edge ...

Given positive numbers s_a, s_b, and s_c, the Elkies point is the unique point Y in the interior of a triangle DeltaABC such that the respective inradii r_a, r_b, r_c of the ...

A bounded operator U on a Hilbert space H is called essentially unitary if U^*U-I and UU^*-I are compact operators.

The extended greatest common divisor of two integers m and n can be defined as the greatest common divisor GCD(m,n) of m and n which also satisfies the constraint ...

Factor analysis allows the determination of common axes influencing sets of independent measured sets. It is "the granddaddy of multivariate techniques (Gould 1996, pp. ...

The probability that two events will both happen is hk, where h is the probability that the first event will happen, and k is the probability that the second event will ...