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The pedal coordinates of a point P with respect to the curve C and the pedal point O are the radial distance r from O to P and the perpendicular distance p from O to the line ...

A surface parameterized in variables u and v is called smooth if the tangent vectors in the u and v directions satisfy T_uxT_v!=0, where AxB is a cross product.

Let M be a regular surface with v_(p),w_(p) points in the tangent space M_(p) of M. Then the third fundamental form is given by III(v_(p),w_(p))=S(v_(p))·S(w_(p)), where S is ...

The tritangent of a cubic surface is a plane which intersects the surface in three mutually intersecting lines. Each intersection of two lines is then a tangent point of the ...

The insphere of a solid is a sphere that is tangent to all faces of the solid. An insphere does not always exist, but when it does, its radius r is called the inradius and ...

The circle through the cusp of the arbelos and the tangent points of the first Pappus circle, which is congruent to the two Archimedes' circles. If AB=r and AC=1, then the ...

A subset S subset R^n is said to be pseudo-convex at a point x in S if the associated pseudo-tangent cone P_S(x) to S at x contains S-{x}, i.e., if S-{x} subset P_S(x). Any ...

The sine function sinx is one of the basic functions encountered in trigonometry (the others being the cosecant, cosine, cotangent, secant, and tangent). Let theta be an ...

Given two curves C_1 and C_2 and a fixed point O, let a line from O cut C_1 at Q and C_2 at R. Then the locus of a point P such that OP=QR is the cissoid. The word cissoid ...

Let M be a regular surface with v_(p),w_(p) points in the tangent space M_(p) of M. For M in R^3, the second fundamental form is the symmetric bilinear form on the tangent ...