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The set of all zero-systems of a group G is denoted B(G) and is called the block monoid of G since it forms a commutative monoid under the operation of zero-system addition ...

Let S_n be the set of permutations of {1, 2, ..., n}, and let sigma_t be the continuous time random walk on S_n that results when randomly chosen transpositions are performed ...

The parameters alpha, beta, gamma, and delta which, like the three Euler angles, provide a way to uniquely characterize the orientation of a solid body. These parameters ...

The only nonassociative division algebra with real scalars. There is an 8-square identity corresponding to this algebra. The elements of a Cayley algebra are called Cayley ...

The central beta function is defined by beta(p)=B(p,p), (1) where B(p,q) is the beta function. It satisfies the identities beta(p) = 2^(1-2p)B(p,1/2) (2) = ...

The nth central fibonomial coefficient is defined as [2n; n]_F = product_(k=1)^(n)(F_(n+k))/(F_k) (1) = ...

The characteristic equation is the equation which is solved to find a matrix's eigenvalues, also called the characteristic polynomial. For a general k×k matrix A, the ...

A check which can be used to verify correct computations in a table of grouped classes. For example, consider the following table with specified class limits and frequencies ...

The Christmas stocking theorem, also known as the hockey stick theorem, states that the sum of a diagonal string of numbers in Pascal's triangle starting at the nth entry ...

A cipher is an algorithm that converts data (plaintext) to an obfuscated form that is not directly readable. Ciphers are usually used with the intention of hiding the ...