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A vector is formally defined as an element of a vector space. In the commonly encountered vector space R^n (i.e., Euclidean n-space), a vector is given by n coordinates and ...

An identity is a mathematical relationship equating one quantity to another (which may initially appear to be different).

A set of identities involving n-dimensional visible lattice points was discovered by Campbell (1994). Examples include product_((a,b)=1; ...

A vector bundle is special class of fiber bundle in which the fiber is a vector space V. Technically, a little more is required; namely, if f:E->B is a bundle with fiber R^n, ...

A zero vector, denoted 0, is a vector of length 0, and thus has all components equal to zero. It is the additive identity of the additive group of vectors.

A vector space V is a set that is closed under finite vector addition and scalar multiplication. The basic example is n-dimensional Euclidean space R^n, where every element ...

Vector subtraction is the process of taking a vector difference, and is the inverse operation to vector addition.

A vector difference is the result of subtracting one vector from another. A vector difference is denoted using the normal minus sign, i.e., the vector difference of vectors A ...

B^^ = T^^xN^^ (1) = (r^'xr^(''))/(|r^'xr^('')|), (2) where the unit tangent vector T and unit "principal" normal vector N are defined by T^^ = (r^'(s))/(|r^'(s)|) (3) N^^ = ...

A vector whose elements are complex numbers.