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One form of van der Waerden's theorem states that for all positive integers k and r, there exists a constant n(r,k) such that if n_0>=n(r,k) and {1,2,...,n_0} subset C_1 ...

The word "algebra" is a distortion of the Arabic title of a treatise by al-Khwārizmī about algebraic methods. In modern usage, algebra has several meanings. One use of the ...

The associated Legendre polynomials P_l^m(x) and P_l^(-m)(x) generalize the Legendre polynomials P_l(x) and are solutions to the associated Legendre differential equation, ...

A phenomenological law also called the first digit law, first digit phenomenon, or leading digit phenomenon. Benford's law states that in listings, tables of statistics, ...

The braced square problem asks, given a hinged square composed of four equal rods (indicated by the red lines above), how many more hinged rods must be added in the same ...

"Chaos" is a tricky thing to define. In fact, it is much easier to list properties that a system described as "chaotic" has rather than to give a precise definition of chaos. ...

The Clebsch graph, also known as the Greenwood-Gleason graph (Read and Wilson, 1998, p. 284) and illustrated above in a number of embeddings, is a strongly regular quintic ...

Combinatorics is the branch of mathematics studying the enumeration, combination, and permutation of sets of elements and the mathematical relations that characterize their ...

A Diophantine equation is an equation in which only integer solutions are allowed. Hilbert's 10th problem asked if an algorithm existed for determining whether an arbitrary ...

As a part of the study of Waring's problem, it is known that every positive integer is a sum of no more than 9 positive cubes (g(3)=9), that every "sufficiently large" ...