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The arithmetic-geometric index of a graph is defined as half the sum of the matrix elements of its arithmetic-geometric matrix.

The parametric equations for a catenary are x = t (1) y = cosht, (2) giving the involute as x_i = t-tanht (3) y_i = secht. (4) The involute is therefore half of a tractrix.

The distance from the center of a circle to its perimeter, or from the center of a sphere to its surface. The radius is equal to half the diameter.

H_n^((2))(z)=J_n(z)-iY_n(z), (1) where J_n(z) is a Bessel function of the first kind and Y_n(z) is a Bessel function of the second kind. Hankel functions of the second kind ...

The j-function is the modular function defined by j(tau)=1728J(tau), (1) where tau is the half-period ratio, I[tau]>0, ...

The Wiener-Hopf method is a powerful technique which enables certain linear partial differential equations subject to boundary conditions on semi-infinite domains to be ...

It is especially convenient to specify planes in so-called Hessian normal form. This is obtained from the general equation of a plane ax+by+cz+d=0 (1) by defining the ...

For a semicubical parabola with parametric equations x = t^2 (1) y = at^3, (2) the involute is given by x_i = (t^2)/3-8/(27a^2) (3) y_i = -(4t)/(9a), (4) which is half a ...

The semimajor axis (also called the major semi-axis, major semiaxis, or major radius) of an ellipse (or related figure) is half its extent along the longer of the two ...

The semiminor axis (also called the minor semi-axis, minor semiaxis, or minor radius) of an ellipse (or related figure) is half its extent along the shorter of the two ...